CAN總線(CONTROLLER AREA NETWORK，控制器局部網(wǎng)絡(luò))由德BOSCH公司先提出來(lái)的，CAN總線是目前工業(yè)界廣泛應(yīng)用的總線。其特點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)要?dú)w納如下：

廈門岳航計(jì)算機(jī)工程有限公司

聯(lián)系人：李素云

企業(yè)QQ：2851195446，2851195466

手機(jī)：18965423501

座機(jī)：0592-5165501

1)CAN控制器工作于多主站方式，網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的各節(jié)點(diǎn)都可根據(jù)總線訪問(wèn)優(yōu)先權(quán)(取決于報(bào)文標(biāo)識(shí)符)采用無(wú)損結(jié)構(gòu)的逐位仲裁的方式競(jìng)爭(zhēng)向總線發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)。而利用RS-485只能構(gòu)成主從式結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)，通信方式也只能以主站輪詢的方式進(jìn)行，系統(tǒng)的實(shí)時(shí)性、可靠性較差。

2)CAN協(xié)議廢除了傳統(tǒng)的站地址編碼，而代之以對(duì)通信數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行編碼，其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是可使網(wǎng)絡(luò)內(nèi)的節(jié)點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù)在理論上不受限制，加入或減少設(shè)備都不影響系統(tǒng)的工作。同時(shí)可使不同的節(jié)點(diǎn)同時(shí)接收到相同的數(shù)據(jù)，這些特點(diǎn)使得CAN總線構(gòu)成的網(wǎng)絡(luò)各節(jié)點(diǎn)之間的數(shù)據(jù)通信實(shí)時(shí)性強(qiáng)，并且容易構(gòu)成冗余結(jié)構(gòu)，提高系統(tǒng)的可靠性和系統(tǒng)的靈活性。

3)CAN總線通過(guò)CAN控制器接口芯片的兩個(gè)輸出端CANH和CANL與物理總線相連，而CANH端的狀態(tài)只能是高電平或懸浮狀態(tài)，CANL端只能是低電平或懸浮狀態(tài)。這樣就保證不會(huì)出現(xiàn)類似在RS-485網(wǎng)絡(luò)中系統(tǒng)有錯(cuò)誤時(shí)會(huì)導(dǎo)致出現(xiàn)多節(jié)點(diǎn)同時(shí)向總線發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)而導(dǎo)致總線呈現(xiàn)短路從而損壞某些節(jié)點(diǎn)的現(xiàn)象。而且CAN節(jié)點(diǎn)在錯(cuò)誤嚴(yán)重的情況下具有自動(dòng)關(guān)閉輸出功能，以使總線上其他節(jié)點(diǎn)的操作不受影響，從而保證不會(huì)出現(xiàn)象在網(wǎng)絡(luò)中，因個(gè)別節(jié)點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，使得總線處于“死鎖”狀態(tài)。

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